The construction of the social security system is a huge and complex system. Over 50 years of development, China's social security system has made great progress, but the system still has the problems such as big differences between urban and rural areas, imbalance in regional development, small coverage, and low insurance rates. It’s a hard nut to realize the whole social security coverage in the future 10-20 years under the current socio-economic conditions. The Programme poses that in the existing conditions of resource constraints, the task shall focus on ensuring that the limited government financial responsibility be put to solve the old-age security problems caused by China's rural aging population.